The generally accepted economic theory considers land, labour and capital the essential production factors. The first named factor - land - is de facto the only one which is determined from the view of its layout and cannot be extensively expanded. At the same time, land creates the basis for the income from land, or a building on it, and therefore the major part of the property tax base. Despite these facts, there are only few analytical-synthesis studies about its taxation (in comparison with the factor of labour and capital). The aim of this paper is to clarify some of the characteristics and peculiarities of property taxation on the example of the tax on immovable property mainly on the basis of descriptive methods and to concretize this issue by means of comparison and deduction in selected EU countries.